THE MIDDLE EAST Norsk versjon

WHAT ARE THE ACTUAL FACTS CONCERNING THE CONFLICT?

1) Did Palestian Authority live in this area before the Jews arrived?
The facts actually prove that the opposite is true. This area in the heart of the Mediterranean is a strategic meeting point for three different parts of the world. Through the years, armies have conquered this area. The Arabian army came on the scene in the year 630 AD. Jerusalem
fell in 638 AD, Damaskus in 635 AD for the armies of Mohammed.

In spite of the attempt by the Romans to extinguish the Jewish race in 70 AD, Jews were the largest group of people here when the Arabians came in 630 AD. A Jewish army in Galilee of
20.000 men had at this time conquered land from the Byzantines so that many parts of the land was ruled by Jews. It is interesting to note that the Arabian army called the area for the
"Land of the Jews" since, of course, Jews dwelled there. The Arabs had control over the land for 435 years until the Turks overcame them in 1.072 AD.

2) How about the name Palestine, is it connected to the Arabs?
No, it is not. The word Palestine came from Philistine, a people who lived on the coast in Old Testament times. They were immigrants from the Aegean Sea Islands.

We know that the Romans had control over the Jewish people during the time of Jesus. On several occasions they tried to free themselves from them, but the Romans then retaliated in a more powerful manner. Jews were driven from the land in 70 AD. We are less familiar with the
fact that the Jewish people were restored in 132-135 AD under the leadership of Bar Kokba (Son of the Star). During this restoration they gained control over all of Judea, including Jerusalem.

The Roman Emperor, Hadrian, was enraged; Jews were to be
annihilated! They were not only to lose the land, but also the name of the country was to be eradicated. The name Palestine was chosen (Aelia Capitolina for Jerusalem) without a special reason.

This name was brought up again in 1917 during the peace process after World War I, and has since been used by the Arabs quite cynically in order to obtain the right to the land.

(PS It is estimated that Abraham left Ur in Chaldea and came to Canaan around 1900 BC. Joshua's invasion in the land after their exodus from Egypt happened around 1400 BC.)

3. Has there been the presence of Jews in this area since the time of Jesus?
Ever since the time of Jesus, Jewish communities, great and small, have existed in this country. Hostile armies have seriously reduced the population, for example, the Crusaders, who forced
the Jews into synagogues and set fire to them. Nevertheless, immigration of Jews has continued regularly to this land. That the first printing shop here in the Middle East was set up by Jews in Zafed/Galilee in 1563, proves the presence of Jews here during the Middle Ages. A consensus
taken in 1880 shows that the great majority of the population in Jerusalem was Jewish.

4. Who owns the land: The Jews of the Arabs?
As pointed out earlier, Jews were present in the land 2,000 years before the Arabs(1400 BC-638 AD). All the different rulers who occupied this land have forced their faith and their language upon the ethnic population. In spite of this, the Jewish people have survived and kept their identity, even though they have been exposed to eradication time and time again. They alone stand out as a distinct people here.

The sovereignty of Jews in this area was approved during the peace process after World War I in Paris in 1919. The Turkish occupants in Israel experienced defeat at the same time as the Germans, and the Turkish Empire was divided. France was expected to keep peace and order in Libanon/Syria until they became independet(The French Mandate). Egypt and the other Arab nations were promised independence. The area, which is now Jordan and Israel, was to be
the homeland for Jews. Britain gave it the old name, Palestine (from 135 AD). The declaration concerning this land area as a national home for Jews, was called the Balfour Declaration.
Representatives for the Arabs in the Middle East and for the Jewish people were invited to a Peace Conference in Paris. During this conference, Emir Faisal agreed that Palestine should be
reserved as a separate unity for the Jewish people to govern over themselves. Faisal accepted this Balfour agreement and signed it with the Sionist World Organization, where he confirmed steps would be taken to secure/assure the realization of this Balfour agreement.

This is how Emir Faisal expressed his point of view: "Our delagation here in Paris are acquainted with the proposals the Sionist organization has submitted at the peace conference and we consider them reasonable and correct. As far as we are concerned, we will do our best for the accomplishment of these proposals. We wish the Jewish people a heartily homecoming." (March 3,1919). This followed after the signing of the agreement between Emir Faisal and Dr. Weisman (Jan. 3,1919).
5. Reaction over the Balfour Delclaration
Even though the Arab leaders were willing to accept a Jewish state (the Arabs also were given quite a bit of land), the average muslim in the area did not accept it. Arab animosity against several kibbutz in Galilee began in 1920. During Easter of 1920 in Jerusalem, a new epoch of
strife began between the Arabs and the Jews. Suddenly the Arabs were out of control and forced their way into the Jewish Quarter with clubs and knives, knocked down and killed Jewish men, elders and children. They raped the women and plundered the stores. From that time
forward, Jewish colonies have been attacked by muslim bands that killed Jews, burned crops and vegetation or pulled trees up by the roots.

Because of this, the Jews founded defense organization,Hagana, to defend their colonies against Arab attack.

6. Trans-Jordan established
To please the Arabs, the British set aside the territory east of the Jordan River as a new Arabian state (Trans-Jordan). This amounted to 4/5ths of the Palestine territory, and is the biggest Palestinian state. The Jews then hoped to have the remainder of the territory in peace. There
had been a great immigration of Jews since the 1850's, mostly from Russia and Poland. The new pioneer colonies created a need for workers, causing Arabs to come west. The British also sent
a great number of Syrian workers there, for example, when Haifa was being built. These foreign workers never returned to Syria. (Therefore Haifa has a relatively large Arabian population.)

1920 - 1947 Arab Terror
Even though Britain gave the Arabs an extra state: Trans-Jordan, the terror continued toward the Jews in the land. It is comparable to the present intifadaen which has been going on the
past few years. The Muslims will not tolerate a Jewish contolled state in this area. During this time, Arab immigration increased greatly and unlimitedly. The Jews had the right to immigrate but the British hindered them. We know of Jews that had to be smuggled in at night by way
of the sea.

7. New Division of the Jewish Homeland
The League of Nations hoped that the Arab terror would cease after the first division of the land. But on Nov. 29, 1947, a new division occured. The Arabians were again given an extra
state, but now in the heart of Jewish culture and history (Judea/Samaria). Once again the world's politicians thought they could relax.

The true reason for opposition against Jews began to surface. Wherever a Muslim state had existed, another state must not be allowed to exist, especially not a Jewish state. The large newborn Arab states backed by all the other Arabs in the area, proceeded to incite one another to war against Jews throughout the winter of 1948.

Was this because the Arabs there felt insecure? No, the Jews were not a threat to them in any way at all. But a Jewish state had to be prevented and this is still the reason for the conflict.

The Arabs did not need more land. Their contention that they lived there for "thousands of years" is false. Trans-Jordan annexation of Judea/Samaria during Israel's war of Independence in
1948 and Egypt's possession of Gasa emphasized this. How could Arabians in these areas tolerate being governed by Trans-Jordan and Egypt when they were Palestinian Arabs? This is obviously not the point at all.

The definition of Palestinians is the people, Jews and Arabs, that lived in the Palestinian Mandate.
Palestinian-Arabs abiding there are a part of the greater Arabian nation. For example, Yassir Arafat, the leader of the Palestinian-Arabians, asserts that he was born in "East Jerusalem" in order to have a strong, legitimate claim on the land. However, he was not born there, but in
Egypt, and was never outside the Egyptian border until he was 28 years old. He attended a technical school in Cairo, but he failed the mathematics several times, so it is uncertain whether
or not he receiveda diploma. The Palestian-Arabians do not mind that he is an Egyptian, as long as he prevents Israel from keeping the land. Can you see the fraud in this?

8. The "West Bank" and "East Jerusalem"
The campaign to extinguish Israel resulted in an invasion of the land by 5 Arabian countries on Israel's Independence Day in 1948. Trans-Jordan took the eastern part of Jerusalem, as well as
a great portion of the Judean and Samarian highlands. In spite of the League of Nations having prohibited this, these areas were annexed. Then they changed the name to Jordan, and called
Judea and Samaria for the "West Bank". The land was a "west bank" for them. Should this legitimatize the name change from Judea and Samaria? Nineteen years later Judea and Samaria
was in Israels hands. Should these 19 years legitimatize the name "West Bank" after thousands of years of being known as Judea and Samaria? This is a political trick: weakening the Jewish
peoples right to the land, for we know that Judea and Samaria belongs to the Jews.

The term "East Jerusalem" is also an artificial description with a political denotation.

The PLO was established in 1964. Was it in order to free the "West Bank" and "East Jerusalem"? No, because it belonged to Jordan. It was to destroy what was left of Israel. The expression
"Palestinians" came into full play as a rhetorical means in the political battle. In all of Jerusalem's 3000 years of history, the city has never been divided until Trans-Jordan illegally went in and
occupied the eastern part in 1948. These 19 years when Jordan was in control does not give anyone the right to divide the city again. Jerusalem has been the central physical place in the
Jewish consciousness for over 3000 years. The city has never been the capitol for any other nation that the Jewish nation.

9. Six-Day War in June 1967
In the spring of 1967, the Arabian states felt they were strong enough to attack Israel.

Syria's H. Assad said: The time has come for us to enter in the fight for freedom (May 29,1967).

Egypt's G. Nasser said: The war will be total, and our main goal: The obliteration of Israel
(May 29, 1967).

Iraq's president Arif said: Our goal is clear: to erase Israel from the face of the earth. (May 31, 1967).

Algerie's president Boumedienne said: The Arabian combat must lead to the liquidation of Israel (June 4, 1967).

Egypt blocked Israel's vital connection towards the south: Tiran Strait. The Egyptian army approached Sinai and took combat positions. On the Golan heights clattered the swords of
the Syrians. In Egypt all the military aircrafts were ready to take off in order to destroy Israel. But Israel was ahead of the game and destroyed the most vulnerable parts of the aircrafts' motors. This beginning was important for the outcome of the war and as a result of this, Israel
has been accused of starting this war. Who can dare say such a thing?

Since 1948, the Arabian states have at regular intervals started war against Israel. First, Sinai's war in 1956, when Israel succeeded in wiping out the Egyptian terror base in Sinai. This base was put together in cooperation between Jordan and Sinai with military equipment from the
Soviet. After the Six-Day War, Israel had gained the Golan Heights and Sinai, which gave Israel a valuable bufferzone between themselves and the enemy and they felt safer.

Nonetheless, on the holiet of days for the Jewish people-Yom Kippur- in 1973, while they were standing in the presence of their God and repenting for the sins of the land, Syria attacked in the north and Egypt in the south. The news of the war came to one synagogue after another.

When the Israeli army stood outside of Cairo and Damaskus, the Security Council stepped in.
They also became involved when Israel had the upperhand in 1967. They were aware of the United Nations resolution, 242 from 1967, and 338 from 1973, laying a foundation for a peace agreement which Egypt alone made an effort to comply with. The resolution stated that Israel
was to live within safe borders, which did not mean that Israel was to give away the whole area which the Palestinian-Arabs were offered on Nov. 29, 1947. So once again, we see that the real problem is Israel's existence.

Three years prior to 1973, in 1970, a riot broke out in Jordan on the Israeli border. Aggressive Palestinian-Arabs headed by the PLO, wanted operate with terror against Israel from Jordan.
Jordan was afraid of it's own security and threw the terrorists out of the country. (Black September). They went to South Libanon and began a destructive terror center there. Shooting towards Galilee began. In 1982, the Israeli army went into South Libanon and cleaned them out (Grapes of Wrath attack). The PLO with Arafat had to move his headquarters to
Tunis. The PLO was responsible for many terror attacks around the world at this time. Believe it or not, the opinion of the world was that it was best for Arafat to come to Judea and Samaria, hoping this would bring peace in this area. The PLO has never given Israel the right to exist in it's Charter.

There have been discussions about whether or not Israel meets the International conventions for Human Rights. The area Israel won over in defending themselves in 1967, is still waiting for final status. In the meantime, Israel has control over these areas in accordance with
commonly accepted legal principles. Israel has the right to defend it's inhabitants and is obligated to eliminate terrorists. In comparison, we see that the U.S.A. started a war in Afghanistan after September 11, 2001. However, they are fortunate because terrorism is not within the U.S.A. The nations in the west should realize their responsibility in not allowing Israel to prevent terrorism within it's own borders. Arabian oil should not influence fundamental ethical principles.

10. The Refugee problem in the Middle East Now and again there is a demand that Palestinian refugees be allowed to return to Israel,
accusing Israel for the present refugee situation.

One of the main people with this opinion is the previous prime minister of Syria (1948-49) Haled Al Azm. He says in his diary, publicized in Beirut in 1973. "Since 1948, we have demanded that the refugees return to their home. But we ourselves made them leave the country. There was only a few months between our summons for them to leave the war zone and our appeal to the United Nations for them to return."

He admits that the Arabian states surrounding Israel summoned Palestinian-Arabs to get out of the area "so that they could return in victory with the Arabian armies (notes taken from the radio in Beirut/Cairo).

That is not how it turned out. They were moved to refugee camps by the Arabian neighbor states to induce sympathy from the West.

At the same time Jewish refugees who had lived in the Arabian countries for several hundred years were thrown out and deprived of all their possessions. The number of Jewish refugees was greater than the Palestinian-Arabs that moved out of Israel. Israel integreted the Jews into
their community.

The well-known Palestian-Arabian researcher, Sabri Jiryis in Beirut, said in his evaluation in 1975: It is logical that Israel will present a claim for the return of their property for the multitudes of Jewish refugees, just as it is claimed for Palestian-Arabs. Without a doubt Israel will appeal in
the first serious discussion on the Palestinian problem in an international forum.

Will the Western nations be able to be neutral then?
It is not unusual that after a war, population exchanges occur. After World War I, the League of Nations was able to bring 400,000 Turks, who lived on Greek land, to Turkey and integregate them there. A million Greeks on Turkish land were sent out and later assimilated in Greece.

There is no better place for this to occur than among the Palestinian refugees. Jordan is a Palestinian state. Israel, including Judea and Samaria, is the size of Rhode Island. It has very little water resources, which is not enough for two states. Such a solution should be unheard
of: two states in this area. However, that is not the point.

Adjunkt Grethe Tangen Olsen